Control of trains



April 23, 1929. A. R. ANGUS 1,710,494

CONTROL OF TRAINS Filed June 17. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet l Aprilv 23, 1929. A, R, ANGUS 1,710,494

CONTROL OF TRAINS Filed June 17. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 F/G.Z.

wmwm

Patented Apr. 23, 1929. v

Unirse STATES ARTHUR REGNALD ANGUS, OF WESTMXNSTER, ENGLAND.

CONTROL or TRAINS.

Application flied aan@ 1'7, 192e, serial This ,invention relates to electrical'traincontrolling apparatus. y

ln such apparatus according thereto there are on a train an electromagnetic controlling` means, relaying means adapted When eontin uously eectually energized to cause the continuous energization of the electromagnetic controlling means, and an oscillatory means adapted to have its movable portion oscillated by electricity passing through itself and by suiiiciently rapid oscillation of its movable portion to cause to beinduced inthe relaying means current suitable for continuously ett'ectually energizing the relaying means.

The invention, Which comprises the various features set out in the claiming clauses hereof, is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, of which Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic representation oit electrical apparatus carried by a train and Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic representation illustrating a modieation ot the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

Alternating current from the means eX- ternal to the train-for example track rails or a special conductor-induces corresponding alternating current in an induction device 1 (Fig. 1) which, it contacts 3 and 12 Vcarried by but insulated from a switch arm 4 adapted to be inone or different positions in accordance with the direction of running of the train (as by being connected with the reversing gear of the locomotive) are in Contact -With contacts 5 and 11 respectively (the reversing gearl Vof the locomotive being set say for the down journey), flows by Way ot a wirev 2, the contacts 3 andv 5, and a Wire 6 to a coil 7, thence by Way of a Wire 10, the contacts 11 and 12, and a Wire 13 back to the induction device 1. a condenser 73 connected across the wires value as to give this circuit-a resonant trequency correspondingto the frequency of' the inducing alternating currenttor example, a Jfrequenc7 of six cycles per second-sup'- plied `for the purpose of enabling a train to proceed on the down journey. The coil 7 is pivoted between thevpoles Sand 9 of a per.

manent' magnet so as to be oscillatable by the induced alternating current and when oscillated by current oit the resonant frequency, an arm 21'iXed to the coil 7 and carrying an insulated contact 22, causes the latter' to make contact alternately with contacts 23 and 24, so that current flows alternately from a generator the other ot two l rarmature 47, the contact wires 55, 57, and 58,

6 and 10 as shown is of such a by Way of (a) wires 26, 27

No. 569,125, and in Great Britain August 30, 1913.

and'28, to the primary Winding 75 of former 76, thence by'way of Wires 33 the contacts 23 and 22, and Wires 35, 37 back to the generator 25 and the Wires 26, 27, and`38 tothe primary Winding 81 of a transformer 82, thence by Way of Wires 41, 43, and 44, the contacts 24 and 22, and the wires 35, 36, and 37 back to the generator 25. The circuits of the primary Windings of the transformers 76 and 82 being continually made and broken by the oscillation or the arm 21, the resultantintermitand 34,

' tent currents induce currents in the respective secondary windings which floW from (a) the secondary winding 77 ofthe transformer .16 by way ot Wires 78 and 29 to an electro- .magnet 30 and thence by Way of Wires 31 and f 8O back to the secondary Winding 77 and (b) the secondary Winding 83 of the transformer 82 by Way 'of Wires 84 and 39 to an electromagnet v40 and thence byl Way of Wires 41 and 86 back to the secondary Winding 83. The electromagnets 30 and 40 are rendered slow-acting' by being shunted with noninduetive-resistances V3,2 and 42 respectively, the valueo each of Whichis such that the armatures 47 and 51 of the electromagnets 30 and 40 are held against their respective contacts 48 and 50 as'v long as the coil 7 continues to oscillate ata suitable speed; consequently current iows from the generator 25 by way` oit the Wire 26, `'Wires 45 .and 46, the 48, a Wire 49, the contact 50, the armature 51, Wires 52 and 53 to an electromagnet 54, thence by Way of and the Wire 37, back to the generator 25. The electromagnet 54 is also rendered sloW-aeting'by beingshuntedl with a noninductive resistance 56 the 'value ot' which is equal tov or approximately equal to that orV the coil of the electromagnet V4. ',The energization oi the electromagnet 54 causes its armature 60 to make contact Witha Contact 61 and a circuit is thus completed 'from the generator 25 to an eleca trans- 36, and

tromagnet 63 which is adapted When ener--r gized to prevent its armature 65 Which constantly Vtends to causethe production oit-:a 'Warning operation or a stopping operation on the train vfrom causing the production of a warning operation or a stopping operation,

the current flowing from the generator 25,

by Way of the Wires 26 and 45, awire 59,7'

the armature 60, the contact 61, and a Wire 62`to the electromagnet 63, thence by Way of Wires 64 and y58 and the Wire 37 baci: to.

' duction device 1 `the inducing' Should rnn-the coil 7 or 1li the generator 25. Thus the restraint of the product-ion oit' a warning` operation or a stopping;v operation is effected on the train as long` as the coil 7 continues to oscillate, which will he the caee as long' as the circuit of the coil 7 receives alternating,l current of the frequency for which it is resonant.

It the reversing gear et the train is ect for the up journey the switch arm 4tt position in which its .insulated contacce and 12 make contact with contacts 2O 14 respectively hut not with the contacts 5 and A11 respectively and the roetraint of the production oit' a. warning' operation or a etopping operation. is eii'ected corcspondingly on the `train it the alternating current supplied to the train from mean` external thereto ie oi the frequency tor enabling' a train to .proceed on the up journey. This 'freque'ncy diners from that need for the down .journey and may, for example, he one of eight cycles per second. For the up journey of 'a train the current induced in the inltlowa hy way olf the wire and '20, and a wire 19 to a coil `16, 'thence Iby way or a wire 15, the contacts llqand 12, and a wire 13 hack to the induction device 1.; a condenser 741- conn ,.ted across the wires 15 and 19 as; shown is of such a valu ae to give this ciircuita resonant frequency cerresperuling` to the `lrequency oit alternating current supplied for the purpoee of enabling a train to -proceed lon the upI journey. y rlhe coilA 16 is pivoted between the poles 17 and 18 et a yierman ent magnet so ae yto he eecillatahle hy the induced alternating' current and when oscillatedv by current ofthe resonant frequency, an arm G6, fixed to the coil 1G .id carrying` anineulated contact 6T, cauaee the latter 'to make contact alternately with contacts G8 and 369 .eo that curr .':1 supplied alternately to the electromale'ncts 30 and et() ina manner lSimilar vto that described. with reference to the down jorubney, the wires 71, 70 and for the up 'journey correspondine,v respectively to the wires 35, 3ft and i/iier the downjourncy, and conzequently the restraint et a warning operati i. or a Stopping` operation is ei'l'ected on tiret-rain in a manner. lSimilar to that described ier the dow-n journey. v

It the resonant frequency of the circuit to which the induction device 1 ie connected by the switch arm l is diiterent trom the frequency et the inducing alterantinfbr curent,-

2, the contacts 3 1. e., if the train is Vnot setter rui-ming .in 'thev is intended that it aS the case may `be does not oecillate so as to enable its centact 22 or 67 to make contact alternately with contacts and 24. er with contacts 68 and 69 respectively, so that Vthe production of a warning; operation or a stopping` operation not restrained on the train.

direction `Ain which it 'mission et the 'current in the poilu-ized relay 87,

straint oi3 the production ot a warning operation or a stopping operation is not eilected on the train it' the arm 21 or 6G of the coil 7 or 1G, whichever in circuit with the induction device 1, remains steady either midway between ite respective contacts or in contact with either one of them since when the arm remains steady ineither of those positions the circuit of neither Ot the primary windings of the tran:stormere 76 and 82 is alternately made and hrolen S0 that no current ie induced in either ot the respective Secondary windings and nconsequently neither of the electromagnete BO and l0 is energized, and the restraint is effected only when the arm 21 or G6 as the case may he oscillatee at the .frequency for. which the circuit o i coil 7 or 1G made resonant `Se -a altcrnaiely to maire contact with its repeetive contacte aaher anheiiere described.

@ne 'of the electromagnetic 30and i0 can he omitted and reliance placed on the other electromagnet: in that vcaee the maintenance of the energiration et the electroi'nagnet employed is dependent upon the production ot alternating' current-in the secondary 'of the transformer inquestion by the interprimary; the 'contact of the armature ot the electromagnet. that is employed is 'et course permanent-ly connected to the electremagfnet 511. vl-n the example ,show-nV in -F 1 there are employed two polarized relays adapted to hc put into Athe circuit ot the induction device 1 alternatelyaccording to the direction of travel et' the train v'by the switch arm 4 and having reepec-tivc inductancee and capacity devicea 73 and 74- adapted for attuning to the two frequencies employed. Accordingto the mociiication illustrated ,hy Fig. 2, however, there lmay he a ASingle 88, 89 and the' switch arm e' lhe adapted to incluee in circuit with the relayand the .device lxone or. the other ot two means, condensers 90 and 91 ot d' terent capacit-ies, adapted to attune the relay to one or the ther circuit of the two ireqi-ienciee according1 to the oi the (infection oli' vtravel of the traiin` As Shown in. Fig. 2, the Switch armV lis adapted when the train .is traveling in one -direction lte Se the centact 3 vto he in. contact with a contact {l5-and a Contact '02 carried hy the switch arm 1. hutV insulate( therefrein tohe in 'Contact with contacts) and 9-1 and thus to include the condenser 90 in a circuit fparallelly with the relay Yand the ldevice 1, and when the train trarcllfne' in the oppoeit'e directi n `to -cauee vthe con to -be in contact with a Contact 98 and Contact 92 to he in cei'itactwith and 97 and thus to include the 91 parallelly in circuit with the relay and the device 1.

ln order to prevent the armature-65. from V a the contacte 96 condenser Cil being tampered with at its danger position (after, opened the bralre pipe) and in order nevertheless that the driver may be automatically enabled to restart the ltrain when it is again satisfactory for the train to proceed the armature and any pait kwhereby it could be operated by alocal source is enclosed, as shown in broken lines in Fig. l, in a lockedbox andv means are provided for ensuring that when the armature is in a danger position it will be in such a position as to be attracted into a line-clear position by its magnet (in which it will close the previously opened bralre pipe).

ln the case of the example of apparatus shown in Fig. l and the modification thereof illust-rated by Fig. 2, it should be arranged that'the coils of thepolarized relays (Figs. l and 2) should not be adapted to be oscillated as the result of the vibration oia the train at a. speed suitable for maintainingthe. energization ot the slow-acting electromagnets 30 and e() or of the slow-acting electromagnet 3() or 4l() if that alone be used.

'lhe induction device 1 (Figs. l, and 2) is diagraininatically represented as a single coil only but in order to obtain the best results there should beplaced on the locomotive and also if required on a vehicle or vehicles attachedI thereto a number ot coils which may extend all along the locomotive and should be placed as close as practicable to the track rails and/or the conductor arranged close thereto and of course on both sides of the locomotive it the rails on both sides or the track are to be employed.

Conductive means, such as one or more than one brush, contacting device, or shoe, may be placed on the locomotive and also it required on a vehicle or vehicles attached thereto so as to be in cont-act with track rails and/or one or more than one axle and/or with wheels or with a special' conductor adjacent to the track rails whereby current may be received conductively by the train apparatus and e'iiects and `operations may be thereby produced on the tiain a'lter the manner hereinbe'liore described.` g

lVhen the invention is, to be used in connection with electric trains, continuous unidirectional current is used l'or propulsion, alternating or prlsating unidirectional feurrent may be used for the train-controlling ter it has assumed `urrent; and if alternating or pulsating unidirectional current is used ttor propulsion,l

alternating or pulsating unidirectional current ot' a frequency or frequencies di'ierent Jrrom that used il'or propulsion may be used for thel train-controlling current; andk any known means may be employed for preventing or limiting interference between the propulsion current and the currents used -for the purposes of this invention. Except in the cases in which a special conductor adjacent it maybe, it hasA e through said oscillatory means eili'ectnally energizing `adapted to occupy energized by a current to the rails is` employed for the purposes ol this invention in lieu oit track rails, the current or currents supplied to the train for the purposes oic this invention is or are preterably suppliedby means of transformersy or `induction coils preferably at higher voltage or voltages than the propulsion current.v

What I claim is:

l. Electrical train-controlling apparatus.

comprising on a train an .electromagnetic controlling means, relaying means adapted when continuously ellectually energized to cause the continuous energization of said electromagnetic controlling means, and an oscillatory means adapted to have its movable portion oscillated by electricity passing and by sailiciently iapid oscillation of said movable portion to cause to be induced in said relaying means current suitable lor continuously said relaying means.

2. Electrical train-controlling apparatus comprising on a train electromagnetic controlling means, relaying means adapted on becoming eilectually energized to move its movable portion into a definite position and when continuously ei'lectually energized to.

maintain said movable portion in said delinite position and adapted only when said movable portion is maintained in said dellinite position to ei'lfect the continuous energizationA of said electromagnetic controlling means, and an oscillatory means adapted' lto have its movable portion oscillated by electricity passing through saidy oscillatory means and by sufficiently rapid oscillation of said movable portion to cause to be induced in ysaid relaying means .current suitable tor continuously electually energizing said relaying means.

3. Electrical train-controlling apparatus comprising on a train an electromagnetic controlling means, relaying means adapted when `continuously eii'cctually energized to cause the continuous energization ot said electromagnetic controlling means, an oscillatory means adapted when suitably energized to have its movable portion oscillated e and by sufficiently rapid oscillation of said movable portion to cause to be induced .in said relaying means current suitable 'liorcontinusol ously eilectually energizing said relaying I means, and a direction-correspoinling part two different positions according to opposite directions ot running ot said ti'ain and adapted in each ot said two positions to include said oscillatory means ina circuit of such resonance as to enable said oscillatory means to be suitably suitable for the'energization o'l said oscillatory means inthe case ot the occupation of the other or' 'said two positions by said direction-Corresponding part.

4. Electrical train-controlling apparatus oit a frequency notv mg menus adapted when continuously effectually energized to cause the continuous enelgzation cf said electromagnetic controlling means, a second leluyng means adapted Whce centuucusly effectually ene'gized, te cause the continuous effectual energzaton of seid flrst relaying means, and an oscilla- '1 e tory means adapted lo have its movable portion oscillatcd by electricity passing through said escllatcry means, `and by sufcently mpld oscillation of said!mevublerpcrtcnto cause te be induced in said second relaying means current :suitable for continuously elfectually energizing said .secondv` relaying means.

Signed at London, England, this 6th day 0l June 1922.

ARTHUR REGINALD ANGUS. 

